Carboxylic hydrophilic chain amawonjezera DMBA ndi DMPA.

Mawu Oyamba

Popanga madzi a polyurethane, carboxylic acid monga anionic hydrophilic chain extender ndi mtundu wa asidi wa carboxylic wokhala ndi diol, womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapangidwe ake apadera a maselo komanso magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri.
Carboxylic acid type chain extender makamaka imaphatikizapo 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA) ndi 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid (DMBA).Ndi mamolekyu apadera a diol omwe amagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana okhala ndi magulu onse a hydroxyl ndi carboxyl.Pambuyo pa neutralization ndi alkali, gulu la asidi laulere limatha kupititsa patsogolo kusungunuka kwamadzi kapena kubalalitsidwa kwa utomoni;Magulu a polar adayambitsidwa kuti apititse patsogolo kumamatira kwa zokutira ndi utoto wa ulusi wopangira;Wonjezerani kusungunuka kwa alkali kwa zokutira.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi osungunuka a polyurethane system, madzi osungunuka alkyd resin ndi utomoni wa poliyesitala, zokutira za epoxy ester, polyurethane elastomer ndi zokutira za ufa.
Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito muzinthu zachikopa zamakina, makhiristo amadzimadzi, inki, zowonjezera zakudya ndi zomatira mankhwala, makamaka popanga madzi emulsion polyurethane ndi zikopa zomaliza.Sikuti ndi unyolo extender, komanso wabwino kudzikonda emulsifying wothandizila polyurethane, amene akhoza kwambiri patsogolo bata la polyurethane madzi odzola, choncho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Dihydroxymethyl Carboxylic Acid

Mafuta odzola amadzimadzi a polyurethane nthawi zambiri amayambitsa hydrophilic agent mu polyurethane molecular chain, kenako amasokoneza ndi alkali kupanga mchere, ndipo amamwazikana m'madzi opangidwa ndi deionized ndi makina oyambitsa kupanga polyurethane amadzimadzi odzola.
Pali mitundu itatu ya ma hydrophilic agents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi a polyurethane: anionic, cationic ndi non-ionic.Mtundu wa anionic makamaka umaphatikizapo: 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethylbutyric acid, tartaric acid, butanediol sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamineethanesulfonate, glycerol ndi maleic anhydride;Mtundu wa cationic makamaka umaphatikizapo: methyldiethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc;Mtundu wopanda ionic makamaka umaphatikizapo hydroxyl terminated polyethylene oxide.
Zomwe zili ndi non-ionic hydrophilic agent monga polyethylene oxide ziyenera kukhala zapamwamba kwambiri kuti kubalalitsidwako kukhale kokhazikika.Madzi opangidwa ndi polyurethane resin opangidwa ndi hydroxyl polyoxyethylene ether monga gulu la hydrophilic ali ndi kukana kwa electrolyte kwabwino, koma kukana kwamadzi kwa filimuyi kumakhala kovuta kwambiri, kotero sikuli kothandiza;
Cationic hydrophilic agent, monga ethylenediamine sodium acrylate adduct, monga hydrophilic pawiri, imapangitsa kuti dongosolo lonselo likhale lamchere.Palibe kuyankha mwachangu pakati pa - gulu la NH2 ndi - gulu la NCO, komanso zomwe zimachitika pakati - gulu la NCO ndi - nhcoo.Chifukwa chake, zomwe zimachitika ndizovuta kuziwongolera ndipo ndizosavuta kupaka gel.Komanso, odzola okonzeka ali coarse particles ndi osauka filimu kupanga madzi kukana, kotero sangathe ntchito makampani;
Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid mu mawonekedwe anionic ili ndi magulu awiri a hydroxyl ndipo imagwiranso ntchito ngati unyolo wowonjezera.Udindo wapawiriwu umapangitsa kuti ziwonetsere zabwino kwambiri pokonzekera kudzipanga emulsifying Pu lotion.Panthawi ya kaphatikizidwe ka carbamate, zimapangitsa kuti machitidwe azikhala acidic.Pansi pa acidic, zomwe zimachitika pakati pa - NCO ndi - Oh ndizochepa, pomwe - nhcoo - sizitenga nawo gawo pazotsatira ndipo sizimayambitsa gel.Kuphatikiza apo, dimethylol carboxylic acid imagwiranso ntchito ngati unyolo wowonjezera, kotero kuti gulu la hydrophilic (ie, gulu la carboxyl) lili mu gawo la macromolecular chain.Pogwiritsa ntchito tertiary amine ngati neutralizing agent, utomoni wamadzi wa polyurethane wokhala ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwambiri komanso madzi abwino kwambiri opangira filimu ndi kukana zosungunulira zimatha kukonzedwa.Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri ya hydrophilic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga utomoni wamadzi wa polyurethane.

2,2-Dihydroxymethylpropionic Acid (DMPA) Ndi 2,2-Dihydroxymethylbutyric Acid (DMBA)

Mwa mitundu iwiri ya Dihydroxymethyl carboxylic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo ndi hydrophilic chain extender yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakadali pano.Ngakhale kuti ili ndi ubwino wambiri, ilinso ndi zovuta zambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha malo ake osungunuka kwambiri (180-185 ℃), omwe ndi ovuta kutentha ndi kusungunuka, zomwe zimafunika kuwonjezeredwa kwa organic solvents monga N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), n N-dimethylamide (DMF), acetone, etc., pamene NMP ili ndi malo otentha kwambiri, omwe ndi ovuta kuchotsa mutatha kukonzekera APU.Kuphatikiza apo, DMPA ili ndi kusungunuka kwakung'ono mu acetone, ndipo kuchuluka kwa acetone kumafunika kuwonjezeredwa pakaphatikizidwe kake.Kuchotsa ketone sikungowononga mphamvu komanso kumabweretsa zoopsa zachitetezo.Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid sikungowonjezera mphamvu zowonjezera mphamvu, komanso zosavuta kuchititsa zotsalira za organic mu mankhwala.
Poyerekeza ndi 2,2-dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid ili ndi zotsatirazi:
1. Imakhala ndi kusungunuka bwino mu zosungunulira za organic.Gome lotsatirali likuwonetsa deta yosungunuka ya DMBA ndi DMPA mu kutentha kosiyana ndi zosungunulira;
Kusungunuka kwa data ya DMBA ndi DMPA mu kutentha kosiyana ndi zosungunulira:

Kusungunuka: unit: g / 100g zosungunulira
Kusungunuka m'madzi: 48% kwa DMBA ndi 12% kwa DMPA.

2. High anachita mlingo, kusala anachita liwiro ndi otsika anachita kutentha.Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yochita kupanga polyurethane prepolymer ndi yaifupi, nthawi zambiri mphindi 50-60 zokha, pomwe DMPA imatenga mphindi 150-180;
3. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi odzola a polyurethane okhala ndi kukula kwa tinthu tating'ono komanso kugawa kopapatiza;
4. Malo osungunuka otsika, 108-114 ℃;
5. Kusiyanasiyana kwa mafomu kungachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito zosungunulira, motero kuchepetsa mtengo wa zosungunulira ndi kuwononga mankhwala amadzimadzi;
6. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera zosungunulira zopanda zosungunulira za polyurethane ndi polyester;
Mu ndondomeko yeniyeni ya kaphatikizidwe, sifunika kudya zosungunulira zilizonse.Mafuta odzola opangidwa ali ndi ntchito yabwino komanso makina abwino kwambiri a filimuyo, omwe samafupikitsa nthawi yochitira, amachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi, komanso amapulumutsa mphamvu.Chifukwa chake, 2,2-dihydroxymethyl butyric acid ndiye gulu lodziwika bwino la hydrophilic.